Questions concerning the concept of history in Islam

• What is the Islamic viewpoint of the modern Western philosophies of history?

  • Western philosophies of history

  • How can modern Western philosophies of history be criticized?

• What is the Qur'anic concept of history?

  • If civilizations are not, essentially, subject to an inevitable end, why, then, were none of the past civilizations able to resist decadence and the “corrosive power of time”?